Light-emitting Diode (LED) lamps have been widely used due to versatility and energy efficiency.However, LEDs are nonlinear loads, the massive usage will inject harmonics into the lighting system, which has influenced the power quality.Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is an important parameter to evaluate the power quality, but the prediction of THD
Couple-Group Secure Consensus and Detection for a Kind of Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems With Time Delay and Cooperative-Competitive Relations Under Malicious Attacks
In this article, the couple-group secure consensus of a kind of heterogeneous multi-agent systems (HMASs) with cooperative-competitive relation and time delays has been investigated if it receives malicious attacks.Based on cooperative-competitive relation and time delays, a new Wheels couple-group secure consensus protocol is designed.By applying
Enhanced Secure Trusted AODV (ESTA) Protocol to Mitigate Blackhole Attack in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
The Enzyme Formula self-organizing nature of the Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) provide a communication channel anywhere, anytime without any pre-existing network infrastructure.However, it is exposed to various vulnerabilities that may be exploited by the malicious nodes.One such malicious behavior is introduced by blackhole nodes, which can be e
Quantifying the Spatio-Temporal Process of Township Urbanization: A Large-Scale Data-Driven Approach
The integrated recognition of spatio-temporal characteristics (e.g., speed, interaction with surrounding areas, and driving forces) of urbanization facilitates regional comprehensive development.In this study, a large-scale data-driven approach was formed for exploring the township urbanization process.The approach integrated logistic models to qua